Hello,
use permission sets for that purpose.
If you do not know a lot technical side of the BC, maybe it will be a little harder to achieve, since you need to know a well object within the BC and connections within them.
Also, you need to be sure that you do not have conflicts between permission sets. One permission that has Insert Permission for table 15 will override permission set that has only read permission for table 15.
You will need to add permission set that have only read permission allowed for table 15, and do not have any other set that has Insert,Modify,Delete permission assigned.
Open Permission Set page, then open some Permission Set Card, and then click on the View All Permissions. After that effective permissions page will be opened, and then click CTRL+ALT+F1 and click on the View Table on Page Inspection. On that table you can find all permission sets and objects within them, and you can filter table by object ID 15 and you will have filtered all permission sets that have permissions for COA.
Choose one that is best-liked for your purpose, or create new one with desired permissions.
You can find more information on the links bellow.
If you have specific questions about the process feel free to ask.
Greetings