Nested expansion using the $expand query option via the Web API by example

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Sudosandwich

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A question that I keep getting is, "Can I perform nested queries using $expand query option with the Dynamics 365 Web API?". The answer is, yes this is possible without the need to leverage fetch XML. Unfortunately, a quick internet search at the time of writing this blog might lead you to believe it is not possible. In this short post I will show you how by example.

The following example queries an account record, expanding the primary contact lookup, and on the primary contact expands the created by lookup. Each level has a select statement to demonstrate how it works at the different layers. For reference, I am using Postman to perform my tests.

Request:

GET [Organization URI]/api/data/v9.1/accounts(85268bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6)?$select=name&$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname;$expand=createdby($select=fullname)) HTTP/1.1

[EDIT] *Note that you do not need to included the navigation property you wish to expand in they query.

Response:

{
    "@odata.context": "https://admissions-dev.crm.dynamics.com/api/data/v8.2/$metadata#accounts(primarycontactid,primarycontactid(fullname,createdby(fullname)))/$entity",
    "@odata.etag": "W/\"2082428\"",
    "accountid": "85268bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
    "primarycontactid": {
        "@odata.etag": "W/\"2081664\"",
        "fullname": "Yvonne McKay (sample)",
        "contactid": "32278bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
        "createdby": {
            "fullname": "Paul Breuler",
            "systemuserid": "17541fec-8178-4196-84cc-240a576e308c",
            "ownerid": "17541fec-8178-4196-84cc-240a576e308c"
        }
    }
}

You can nest up to 11 expand commands. If you want to see what the beast of a string looks like check out the following request used to test. For this example, I leveraged the circular reference between accounts and contacts.

Request:

GET [Organization URI]/api/data/v9.1/accounts(85268bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6)?$select=name&$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname;$expand=parentcustomerid_account($select=name;$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname;$expand=parentcustomerid_account($select=name;$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname;$expand=parentcustomerid_account($select=name;$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname;$expand=parentcustomerid_account($select=name;$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname;$expand=parentcustomerid_account($select=name;$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname))))))))))) HTTP/1.1

Response

{
    "@odata.context": "https://admissions-dev.crm.dynamics.com/api/data/v8.2/$metadata#accounts(name,primarycontactid(fullname,parentcustomerid_account(name,primarycontactid(fullname,parentcustomerid_account(name,primarycontactid(fullname,parentcustomerid_account(name,primarycontactid(fullname,parentcustomerid_account(name,primarycontactid(fullname,parentcustomerid_account(name,primarycontactid(fullname))))))))))))/$entity",
    "@odata.etag": "W/\"2082428\"",
    "name": "Fourth Coffee (sample)",
    "accountid": "85268bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
    "primarycontactid": {
        "@odata.etag": "W/\"2081664\"",
        "fullname": "Yvonne McKay (sample)",
        "contactid": "32278bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
        "parentcustomerid_account": {
            "name": "Fourth Coffee (sample)",
            "accountid": "85268bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
            "primarycontactid": {
                "fullname": "Yvonne McKay (sample)",
                "contactid": "32278bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
                "parentcustomerid_account": {
                    "name": "Fourth Coffee (sample)",
                    "accountid": "85268bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
                    "primarycontactid": {
                        "fullname": "Yvonne McKay (sample)",
                        "contactid": "32278bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
                        "parentcustomerid_account": {
                            "name": "Fourth Coffee (sample)",
                            "accountid": "85268bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
                            "primarycontactid": {
                                "fullname": "Yvonne McKay (sample)",
                                "contactid": "32278bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
                                "parentcustomerid_account": {
                                    "name": "Fourth Coffee (sample)",
                                    "accountid": "85268bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
                                    "primarycontactid": {
                                        "fullname": "Yvonne McKay (sample)",
                                        "contactid": "32278bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
                                        "parentcustomerid_account": {
                                            "name": "Fourth Coffee (sample)",
                                            "accountid": "85268bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6",
                                            "primarycontactid": {
                                                "fullname": "Yvonne McKay (sample)",
                                                "contactid": "32278bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6"
                                            }
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Thanks for reading, hopefully you found this helpful.

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Amit.Jain
Posted at

Hi Sudosandwich , Any idea, if you know why its not working when referencing to itself. Like Account is linked to another account. It does not expand second level. {{webapiurl}}/accounts(b6a3e1c9-c5fb-ed11-8848-000d3a3378b5)?$select=name,_createdby_value&$expand=account_parent_account($select=name;$expand=account_parent_account($select=name)) OR {{webapiurl}}/accounts(b6a3e1c9-c5fb-ed11-8848-000d3a3378b5)?$select=name,_createdby_value&$expand=createdby($select=fullname),account_parent_account($select=name;$expand=createdby($select=fullname))

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Community Member
Posted at

The Common Data Service (current environment) connector (which is highly likely to be renamed soon) Dataflex (Common Data Service current) connector has Expand Query parameter for Get a record and List records actions which can be used to retrieve the

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Community Member
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ChrisGroh
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@khaack - "on-premise" would be Dynamics 365 hosted on your company's server or a third party hosting providers service. "Online" refers to Microsoft hosted where your organizations domain ends with ".dynamics.com". The organization version I had nested expands working is 9.1.0.17461.

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khaack
Posted at

@ChrisGroh - I'm not sure what you mean by online vs on-premise, could you expand?

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ChrisGroh
Posted at

@khaack - This works for me online but not on-premise. Maybe that's what you're running into.

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Linn Zaw Win 3,407
Posted at

It's interesting that we can nest up to 11 expand commands if we Retrieve the record with GUID but we can only nest up to 10 expand commands if we change the query to RetrieveMultiple style with a filter condition. SAMPLE RETRIEVEMULTIPLE QUERY WITH 11 EXPAND ##BEGIN## /accounts?$filter=accountid eq 85268bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6&$select=name&$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname;$expand=parentcustomerid_account($select=name;$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname;$expand=parentcustomerid_account($select=name;$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname;$expand=parentcustomerid_account($select=name;$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname;$expand=parentcustomerid_account($select=name;$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname;$expand=parentcustomerid_account($select=name;$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname))))))))))) ##END##

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khaack
Posted at

Ohhh, gotcha, thank you! I have one more question if you don't mind. I have an entity, with a navigation property to a collection, which I can do an expansion on and it works, however if I try to nest another expand within the entity of the collection type, it fails with the error: "Term '($select=xx_propertyName;expand=xx_navigationProperty)' is not valid in a $select or $expand expression.",

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Sudosandwich 42
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The web API does not appear to like navigation properties included in the nested select query. Note that you do not need to select the property you want to expand. You can expand any property and exclude it from the select. BAD QUERY ##BEGIN## /accounts(85268bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6)?$select=name&$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname,createdby;$expand=createdby($select=fullname)) ##END## | GOOD QUERY ##BEGIN## /accounts(85268bf8-448a-ea11-a812-000d3a579cc6)?$select=name&$expand=primarycontactid($select=fullname;$expand=createdby($select=fullname)) ##END## Note in the succeeding example I do not select the navigation property in either case. Sorry for the terrible format... comments don't have proper formatting it seems.

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khaack
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Hi there, thanks for the post. When I try to do this, I get the error "The navigation properties are not supported with $select clause". Any ideas what would cause that?

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Nested expansion using the $expand query option via the Web API by example

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