I downloaded the .24 VHD from LCS and followed the new instructions to set it up.

When I log into the AOS and navigate to Retail and Commerce > Headquarters setup > Commerce scheduler > Channel database I receive an error.

The required data encryption certificate was not found when trying to edit the Database connection profile table and the ConnectionString field. Please add a valid certificate.
Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionException: Encryption error occured with exception: Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionException: Encryption error occured with exception: Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Configuration.CertificateHandler.NoCertificateFoundException: No certificate found for id '7366E25DC94FA8A400FA0037FFF3BB300D9482D4'.
at Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Configuration.CertificateHandler.CertificateHandlerBase.GetCertificateFromLocalStore(X509FindType findType, String findValue)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Configuration.CertificateHandler.CertificateHandlerBase.GetFirstCertificateForId(String id)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionEngine.GetCryptoServiceProviderByThumbprintBuffer(String idList, String thumbprint) ---> Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Configuration.CertificateHandler.NoCertificateFoundException: No certificate found for id '7366E25DC94FA8A400FA0037FFF3BB300D9482D4'.
at Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Configuration.CertificateHandler.CertificateHandlerBase.GetCertificateFromLocalStore(X509FindType findType, String findValue)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Configuration.CertificateHandler.CertificateHandlerBase.GetFirstCertificateForId(String id)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionEngine.GetCryptoServiceProviderByThumbprintBuffer(String idList, String thumbprint) --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
at Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionEngine.GetCryptoServiceProviderByThumbprintBuffer(String idList, String thumbprint)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionEngine.DecryptData(Byte[] cipher, Boolean validateSignature, String& purpose, Int32 purposeLength, Int32& dataLength, Int32 encryptAlgorithmType, String& encryptCertThumbprint, String& signingCertThumbprint, EncryptionHeader encryptedHeader, EncryptionConfig decryptionConfig, Boolean useThumbprintFromPayload)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionEngine.DecryptionInternalV2(Byte[] cipher, Boolean validateSignature, String purpose) ---> Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionException: Encryption error occured with exception: Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Configuration.CertificateHandler.NoCertificateFoundException: No certificate found for id '7366E25DC94FA8A400FA0037FFF3BB300D9482D4'.
at Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Configuration.CertificateHandler.CertificateHandlerBase.GetCertificateFromLocalStore(X509FindType findType, String findValue)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Configuration.CertificateHandler.CertificateHandlerBase.GetFirstCertificateForId(String id)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionEngine.GetCryptoServiceProviderByThumbprintBuffer(String idList, String thumbprint) ---> Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Configuration.CertificateHandler.NoCertificateFoundException: No certificate found for id '7366E25DC94FA8A400FA0037FFF3BB300D9482D4'.
at Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Configuration.CertificateHandler.CertificateHandlerBase.GetCertificateFromLocalStore(X509FindType findType, String findValue)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Configuration.CertificateHandler.CertificateHandlerBase.GetFirstCertificateForId(String id)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionEngine.GetCryptoServiceProviderByThumbprintBuffer(String idList, String thumbprint) --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
at Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionEngine.GetCryptoServiceProviderByThumbprintBuffer(String idList, String thumbprint)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionEngine.DecryptData(Byte[] cipher, Boolean validateSignature, String& purpose, Int32 purposeLength, Int32& dataLength, Int32 encryptAlgorithmType, String& encryptCertThumbprint, String& signingCertThumbprint, EncryptionHeader encryptedHeader, EncryptionConfig decryptionConfig, Boolean useThumbprintFromPayload)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionEngine.DecryptionInternalV2(Byte[] cipher, Boolean validateSignature, String purpose) --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
at Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.CryptoEncryptionEngine.DecryptionInternalV2(Byte[] cipher, Boolean validateSignature, String purpose)
at Microsoft.Dynamics.Ax.Xpp.Security.EncryptionEngine.Decrypt(Byte[] cipher, String purpose)
at Dynamics.AX.Application.Global.`editEncryptedStringField(Common _common, String value, Int32 _fieldId, Boolean _set) in xppSource://Source/ApplicationPlatform\AxClass_Global.xpp:line 10096
The cert thumbprint, 7366E25DC94FA8A400FA0037FFF3BB300D9482D4, is for the DataEncryptionCertificate on the .17 VHD.
Similarly, but less important considering the new CommerceSDK, the default Retail Server's realtime service is throwing an error.

With corresponding event viewer error.
Real-time Service client library call failed. CorrelationId: '{f624a453-1c11-483b-a10e-a6563e0c81a0}'. ApiName: 'IsAlive'. MethodName: 'IsAlive'. Language: ''. Company: ''. ParameterCount: '0'. Ex: 'System.ServiceModel.Security.MessageSecurityException: An unsecured or incorrectly secured fault was received from the other party. See the inner FaultException for the fault code and detail. ---> System.ServiceModel.FaultException: At least one security token in the message could not be validated.
--- End of inner exception stack trace ---
Server stack trace:
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.SecurityChannelFactory`1.SecurityRequestChannel.ProcessReply(Message reply, SecurityProtocolCorrelationState correlationState, TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.SecurityChannelFactory`1.SecurityRequestChannel.Request(Message message, TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.RequestChannelBinder.Request(Message message, TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannel.Call(String action, Boolean oneway, ProxyOperationRuntime operation, Object[] ins, Object[] outs, TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannelProxy.InvokeService(IMethodCallMessage methodCall, ProxyOperationRuntime operation)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannelProxy.Invoke(IMessage message)
Though, presumably, this is related to the first error.
After running Generate Self-Signed Certificates, I ran findstr in C:\AOService for the 7366E25DC94FA8A400FA0037FFF3BB300D9482D4 thumbprint and only the following files were returned.
PackagesLocalDirectory\bin\Microsoft.Dynamics.AX.Deployment.Setup.exe.config
PackagesLocalDirectory\Plugins\AxReportVmRoleStartupTask\ConfigureOneboxReportingCluster.ps1
Changing those files didn't make a difference though, not that I would expect them to.