Microsoft has a free set of SQL triggers that you can get either through CustomerSource or your Partner.
Detail Payroll Activity Tracking Tool - it tracks changes to the following tables:
UPR00300—Payroll Tax Information Master
UPR00900—Payroll Employee Summary
UPR00100—Employee Master
UPR00400—Pay Code Master
UPR00500—Employee Deductions
UPR00501—Based on Pay Codes (deductions)
UPR00600—Employee Benefits
UPR00601—Based on Pay Codes (benefits)
UPR00700—Employee State Taxes
UPR00800—Employee Local Taxes
UPR00900—Employee Summary
BE010130—Benefits and Deductions
DD00100—Direct Deposit Setup
DD00200—Direct Deposit Account Setup
As you make changes to employee data, either in Dynamics GP or through a tool like SQL Server Management Studio, a record will be created in a custom table created when running a SQL script. The table, called TrackPayrollChanges, is in the company database.
I know this doesn't help you for your current history, but this would help moving forward.
You can look at the UPR30300 to see the history of the benefits and deductions as they were paid, but not why they were changed.