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Finance | Project Operations, Human Resources, ...
Suggested answer

How do intercompany orders work?

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Posted on by 36
Hi everyone,
 
In our current business model, we are using intercompany orders to exchange products between two legal entities: a subsidiary (which sells the products to the final customer) and headquarters (which buys the products from the original vendors). I reviewed the official documentation on this topic here, and it seems that we are employing a "three-legged order chain":
"When Company A first creates a sales order for an external customer, a purchase order can be created automatically in Company A. This, in turn, prompts the automatic creation of an intercompany sales order in Company B. The three-legged order chain consists of a sales order and a purchase order in Company A and an intercompany sales order in Company B."
Additionally, we manually create an initial purchase order in Company B, which buys the products from the original vendors before making transactions with customers in Company A. Here's the sequence of our transactions:
  1. Vendor Purchase Order: Created in Company B (headquarters) to buy the product from the vendor (handling product master, variant, item creation, inventory, etc.).
  2. Customer Sales Order: Created in Company A (subsidiary) to sell the product.
  3. Intercompany Orders: Using the Direct Delivery feature (implementing a dropshipping type), a PO is created in Company A and a SO in Company B since the product is not owned by Company A.
  4. Invoicing: The customer is invoiced using the customer sales order created in step 2. No further procedure is done.
My confusion arises from whether we should be doing anything else with the intercompany orders. We invoice the customer using the initial sales order (status set to Invoiced), but the intercompany PO remains Received and the intercompany SO remains Delivered. From my understanding, it appears that we are not completing the inventory transactions or handling cost allocations between both companies, as these intercompany orders are not processed or reviewed by our team. At the end of the month, we manually create a sales order between the two companies using a dummy product to balance costs. This dummy product is linked to an internal account specifically for cost allocation between companies within the same branch, rather than the accounts used for normal business revenue. This approach feels redundant, as I don't believe this would be the standard process for every company using D365FO.
 
Additionally, our products are not physical items (they are services) but were set up as such during D365 implementation. If we change from physical inventory to services, would we still need to use intercompany orders to manage inventory shifts between companies, or would this simplify our entire process (I assume there would not exist any more product receipts, packing slips, etc.)?
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  • André Arnaud de Calavon Profile Picture
    298,904 Super User 2025 Season 2 on at
    How do intercompany orders work?
    Hi MSilva,
     
    For any direction you take, you will be required to fully test and see if there are side effects. Also, check the possible impact on ledger postings. For services, I can indeed think of another option as you are not physically receiving goods. Anyway, I don't know the previous thoughts from your implementation partner about why it was implemented in this way. Unfortunately, it looks like this was not documented somewhere.
  • MSilva Profile Picture
    36 on at
    How do intercompany orders work?
    Hi Billur,
     
    I believe it is the scenario described here:
    Sales Order Initiated Intercompany chain Intercompany with an external customer facing sales order - Also called the "Original sales order" (three-legged).
    The intercompany order pair is triggered by the creation of the customer SO!
  • MSilva Profile Picture
    36 on at
    How do intercompany orders work?
    Hi André,
     
    This confirms my assumption that not using the intercompany orders means the transfer of goods between the legal entities isn't recorded in the system, which explains our disorganized inventory module with strange inventory levels in each entity.
     
    As I mentioned, since we actually deal with services, my plan is to reimplement these operations using a product type set to "Service." I'm currently testing transactions with this setup, but I believe it will help us bypass the inventory level issues and focus solely on the financial aspects.
     
    My idea is to test removing the intercompany orders and only create the customer SO and vendor PO in separate entities. We can balance the financial values through a manual order, which is what our finance team currently does since the intercompany orders are not actually used. Given our specific requirements for calculating internal cost allocations between entities, this might be the best solution for now. We don't typically review or audit the inventory module, so this approach should minimize the need to manage numerous inventory transaction records.
     
    I will mark your previous reply as a suggested answer, as it has helped me in understanding this, but please let me know if you have any additional input for what I just wrote! I will take your suggestion about getting some external input from other experts as well 🙂
  • Suggested answer
    BillurSamdancioglu Profile Picture
    19,036 Most Valuable Professional on at
    How do intercompany orders work?
  • André Arnaud de Calavon Profile Picture
    298,904 Super User 2025 Season 2 on at
    How do intercompany orders work?
    Hi MSilva,
     
    The IC orders between A and B only make sense to transfer ownership of the goods and post the financial impact. In that case, you must complete the process. In the case of services, probably you can think of another implementation, but I don't know either for what reason it was implemented in the current way. If you want to know more about the impact and get advice, you can hire someone to help you make the best decision for the future taking your business and details into account.
  • MSilva Profile Picture
    36 on at
    How do intercompany orders work?
    Hi André, thanks for your input!
     
    To summarize, the only processes that we currently do is creating the customer SO and invoicing it in Company A, while Company B handles the initial purchase of products from external vendors. My specific question is about your statement:
    "An invoice for the PO in Company B can then also be posted. This completes the process and the status of the inventory transactions and the IC orders."
    Since we only invoice the customer SO in Company A and confirm the vendor PO in Company B, should we also be processing the intercompany PO in Company A and the intercompany SO in Company B? What exactly do we need to do in those records? My assumption is that creating the intercompany orders only doesn't mean anything if they are open / not reviewed by our financial colleagues, right?
     
    Regarding services, this has been a challenge for us. The original setup in AX was done by external consultants many years ago, and we have since lost that knowledge while our requirements have evolved. I would like to rebuild the process from scratch using services, so maybe this would simplify both the intercompany processes and the general daily transactions that we do.
  • André Arnaud de Calavon Profile Picture
    298,904 Super User 2025 Season 2 on at
    How do intercompany orders work?
    Hi MSilva,
     
    When talking about IC orders, company A should invoice the products. An invoice for the PO in company B can then also be posted. This completes the process and the status of the inventory transactions and the IC orders.
     
    When you mention you are using IC for services, I wonder if this is done with a specific goal. During the implementation someone who analyzed the process and converted it into a solution should have an idea why. 

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