Hello Bradley,
It looks like you are accessing the old Madeira documentation. Here's the link to the Financials documentation which discusses Dimensions:
docs.microsoft.com/.../finance-dimensions
In this documentation we do state that you can use the Global Dimensions on filters for reports, but not the same functionality with additional Shortcut Dimensions.
However, we had had numerous requests to be able to report on these additional Shortcut Dimensions. Analysis Views should now be available in the latest update, so you should be able to see results for additional dimensions there. Development is continuing to work on improving the reporting functionality with these additional dimensions in future updates as well.
You can search for System Information and if your version number is 17334 you should be able to use Analysis Views by Dimension.
Regards,
Jennifer Reinhardt
Please see our Dynamics 365 Financials Support Team Blog for helpful information:
blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/dyn365finsupport