Thank you both for responding. I update my doubts:
1. I have seen that a specific user is normally created for web services, but is it necessary or can the administrator user be used, for example?
Answer) No it is not mandatory to use a Specific user but this is a good approach to create a specific user for the webservices it helps in Security and Integrity.
OK
2. We use the Windows credential type, to consume the web service, would Windows credentials be used or would the web service access key from the user card be needed (which must be generated)? It seems that this key is only necessary for the NavUserpassword or ACL credential types
Answer) As in NAV 2016 you can definatly use windows credentials type it is not mandatory to use Web Service Access Key but it is not recommended you must go with NavUserPassword instance's for Webservices.
Are you telling me that I should create a new instance on the server (using the NavUserPassword type) exclusively for web services?
3. I would like to set the ports securely, enabling SSL. Is it necessary to put the application in https or is it possible to enable only the ports with SSL?
Answer) I think you should do Both as to Create a New Instance for webservices and make it enabled with SSL Secured
OK
4. I have used postman to test, the desktop version to test on a private network and the web to test with the public network (I have mapped the port on the router). The problem is that with the public network postman does not work for me (it keeps sending the request infinitely). However, if I write the address of the web service in my mobile browser (so that it is not on the network) the web service presents the WSDL page of the web service, for example, in the case of SOAP. My question is, is there any more configuration needed apart from publishing the web service and enabling NTLM authentication? Could it be that postman does not work with public IPs?
Answer) your qustion is little bit confusing but as i understood Postman does support Public IPs as well but it should be Static not the dynamic IPs and in case of SOAP if you open the link directly from browser like Chrome it will open WSDL page only you need to install a Chrome Extension Wizdler to view the functions inside the SOAP.
I'll try to summarize my question. The problem is that with the private IP postman works for me but not with the static IP. So I want to know if I am missing some configuration in Business Central. Is there any more configuration needed apart from publishing the web service and enabling NTLM authentication?