Sure, yes settings > Solutions (youll need a solution with the entity in it - quote lines
This would open a popup window (assuming classic mode)

on the left navigation open the 'entities' menu, then go down to Quote Lines, and go the 'fields' section. You can add a new field here.

This is the window for the field, when done save it.

Then youll need to add the field to the form (form is in the same navigation as Fields). Open the form, then on the right, drag the field onto the form. Save and close, then publish all from the first popout window.

The business rule is another item altogether, if its easier for you, Id just leave the description/detail field on the form for all products.