While I didn't figure out the app logging, the Xrm.Navigation.alertDialog did work. My issue was I had it in an OnSave event but wasn't changing anything on the form before hitting save.
To your first question - we will debug the browser version of UCI app in browser (which is almost identical to UWP/mobile/tablet app)
If not identical we will throw alert using Xrm.Navigation.alertDialog to debug (not an effective way though)
I will be curious to see your answer on iTunes log.
Next question on refreshing customizations - sometimes close & reopen will pull latest changes. Otherwise reconfigure/signout will work.
Researching this a bit more I did find the article below. I'm able to get a log file to write and I can see it using iTunes. Now I just have to figure out how to write to it.
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